阿拉伯民间文学 (Arabic Folk Literature)

阿拉伯民族是一个古老的民族。有文字记载并流传下来的最早的诗歌，产生于公元6世纪前后。这些诗歌，特别是其中一组称为"悬诗"的诗歌，其高度成熟的技巧，说明在此之前，阿拉伯民族的文学创作活动已经经历了漫长的岁月。只是由于沙漠、旷野的恶劣条件，无法将这些文学创作记录下来。后来有了记载手段，"传诗人"才将流传于部落中的优秀诗歌记载下来。当时，各个部落都有自己的传诗人和传讲人。他们不仅记录下优秀的诗歌，而且还记录下部落的宗谱、传闻、轶事、战争和战争中产生的英雄，以及种种故事。伊斯兰教产生后，阿拉伯的语言、文学有了进一步发展。一方面，是文人文学的繁荣：另一方面，由于出现了专门的收集，古代文化遗产得到发扬光大；同时还引进外来文化。这一切，是促成中世纪阿拉伯文化辉煌发展的重要因素。(Arab peoples have experienced a long history. The earliest written poems coming down were created around 6th century A.D. These poems, a set of poems called "hanging poems" in particular, were written in advanced skills, which indicates that Arab people's literary creation had experienced a long time before them. Due to the harsh conditions of dessert and wilderness, thosse literary creations couldn't be able to be recorded. Later on, with recording methods, "poem spreaders" were able to record the good poems spread in tribes. At that time, each tribe had their own poem spreaders and poems recitors. They not only recorded the good poems, but also recorded the tribe's genealogy, hearsay, anecdotes, battles, heroes in the battles and other events. After Islam was created, Arabic language and literature made a further development. On one hand, scholar literature flourished; on the other hand, ancient cultural heritages were carried forward because there were specially-assigned people to collect them. Meanwhile, foreign cultures were introduced. These were significant factors that contributed to the glorious development of Arabic culture in Middle Ages.)